Creatinine is a common measurement for kidney function. Creatinine, as well as uric acid and other wastes, are normally excreted through the kidneys. For chronic kidney disease patients, at initial time, small amount of renal intrinsic cells are damaged, the healthy nephrons work in a decompensated way so as to maintain a normal serum creatinine level. Only when more than 50 percent of kidney units are impaired will serum creatinine increase. Therefore, high serum creatinine usually indicates severe kidney diseases.
For diabetics, kidney disease is a result of glomerular capillary damage caused by high blood sugar. Other risk factors for diabetic kidney disease(diabetic nephropathy) include high blood pressure, smoking and heredity susceptibility. Due to deposition of exellular matrix and thickening mesangial basement membrane, more and more renal intrinsic cells are damaged, causing continuous kidney function decline.
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